Household appliances repair certificates. Equipment Fault Statement: Who draws up the instructions for writing. Equipment failure report

A perfectly working air conditioner pleases us in wild heat and severe cold, sometimes cooling, then warming the air we so need. A defective air conditioner cannot provide us with such pleasure, both in the house and in the office, and usually in such cases the air conditioner needs to be repaired.

When exactly do the professionals of the Remtechnika service center go home to solve such a problem as an air conditioner breakdown? There are a ton of options. First, they determine which air conditioner is installed, or not even installed at the client's site: split system, simple or industrial. Further are determined. It seems to many customers that the air conditioner broke down just like that, for no reason. Just took it and broke. Of course, it also happens, but in most cases, any breakdown has its own cause, which is clarified during the diagnosis process, and experienced air conditioner repairmen know all these possible causes, repair algorithms and consequences that entail the client's attempts to use their crazy hands for the good unit and your wallet (which is not always justified).

So which ones might get in your way?

- Freon leak

This is found mainly when the air conditioner stops cooling the air, although it continues to turn on properly, little flows, and also freezes the radiator of the indoor unit or the nuts on the outdoor unit. The reason for this situation may be natural wear and tear, depressurization of the freon line, as well as unsuccessful or untimely service of the air conditioner. (independent service). Which exit? - Refueling the air conditioner and full diagnostics of the air conditioner for the detection of any related malfunctions.

- Faulty air conditioning compressor

You can suspect such a problem when the characteristic noise of the air conditioner turning on has ceased to be heard, and just like in the previous case, the air conditioner has stopped cooling your precious air. The reasons for this trouble may be that you used it for other purposes (the wrong temperature, thrown from the window) or the air conditioner was installed incorrectly (something happened wrong during the laying of the freon line or the system was banally depressurized). Only the replacement or repair of the air conditioning compressor will help to get out of this situation.

- Dirty filters in the air conditioner

Obviously, this trouble overtook you too, if you found that the indoor unit of the air conditioner or split system began to leak, the internal block of the radiator froze over, and the air conditioner itself stopped cooling altogether. To prevent this problem, keep the room where the air conditioner is installed clean, and also perform regular maintenance. But if it's too late and the air conditioner eventually suffers from pollution - professional cleaning of the air conditioner will come to your aid.

- Fan malfunction

Another breakdown that is diagnosed when the air conditioner stops cooling at all. As practice has shown, the most popular reason is to use the air conditioner when the thermal mode is on, which miraculously leads to the fact that the impellers begin to freeze up and the fan eventually stops working. In this case, only the purchase and replacement of the old air conditioner fan with a new one will help.

- Faulty starting capacitor

With this breakdown, an option is possible in which the air conditioner will not turn on at all, and the starting capacitor has naturally worn out or a factory defect has wedged in. Similar to the previous case, impeller freezing may also be the cause. What will help in this situation? - Again, replacing the starting capacitor.

- Malfunctions in the electronic circuit of the air conditioner

So, you have found that the native air conditioner does not turn on completely and irrevocably. Perhaps the problem lies in the breakdown of the electronic circuit. This could be due to normal wear and tear or electrical problems in your home, office or production area. In this case, both a full repair of the air conditioner and a simple replacement of the electronic board will help.

- Problems with the power supply of the air conditioner

Power problems may be noticed by you if the air conditioner stops turning on from the remote control. And this could happen because it is not connected to the power grid or the batteries in the remote control have run out (and this happens). Do not write off the wear and tear of the air conditioner, after all, it has not been working for the first day? To diagnose and correct this trouble, you should establish access to the power supply of the air conditioner, and the Internet or the master of our service center will help you with this.

A sufficient number of causes of air conditioner malfunctions, which could not have happened, or did not happen due to the timely servicing of air conditioners by the Remtechnika center, the correct installation of the air conditioner and the purchase. We advise you to follow the prescribed rules for the operation of equipment, regularly take care of the unit and you will not know troubles. And if something breaks, then a maximum of a couple of parts that can be easily replaced and it will come out much more profitable than if you had to buy a new air conditioner.

We recommend that you regularly carry out preventive work in order to avoid the sudden loss of the air conditioner, as well as to extend the service life of not cheap equipment, just remember the following rules:

When the air filters in the indoor unit are dirty

Those little nets you might see on the front of the air conditioner are the air filters. You might think that their main task is to filter the air, but this is to protect the indoor unit, or rather its radiator. One of the most important prevention methods for an air conditioner is to monitor the cleanliness of filters to prevent overheating of the radiator and unwanted damage.

When there is not enough freon in the air conditioner

One of the main side effects of using an air conditioner is the evaporation of refrigerant or freon. Taking into account the fact that the annual rate of evaporation of freon is considered to be 5-7%, you should systematically refuel the air conditioner at the service center in order to avoid compressor breakdown and repair of the air conditioner.

When the capacity of the room air conditioner is incorrectly calculated

In order for the wear of the air conditioner to occur as late as possible, you should very competently calculate the power for the air conditioner you purchased, due to the fact that if the air conditioner is incorrectly configured, it will have to work with an increased load. Recommendations on the correct selection of power can be provided at the "Remtechnika" service center.

When the air conditioner is operating at the wrong temperature

It is necessary to take into account when using the air conditioner that it has a certain range of permissible temperatures for safe operation, for example, the limit of negative temperatures is about -5 degrees. Therefore, we recommend not to ignore the requirements stated by the manufacturer, but to use the "winter start" device for non-standard situations.

This can result in seizure or severe wear on the moving parts of the compressor. To prevent the negative effects of refrigerant overflow, it is recommended:

• control overheating of the suction refrigerant vapors to avoid excessive cooling of the compressor during operation;
• eliminate any possibility of oil retention in the compressor suction line;
• use an electric heater for the compressor crankcase to maintain the oil temperature when the compressor is stationary.

2. Insufficient amount of oil in the compressor crankcase The reasons leading to rapid compressor wear are:

• poor return of oil to the compressor crankcase;
• foaming of oil in the crankcase when starting the compressor.

A small amount of oil during the operation of the compressor is carried out into the discharge line and circulates in a mixture with the refrigerant through the system.

Troubleshooting the air conditioner: features

If they have high power indicators, on which the price depends, then the total cost will be rather big. Is it possible to save money on this, or will it be expensive to try to cut costs? Of course, dismantling an air conditioner with your own hands is the first thing that comes to mind in a situation of a shortage of funds.

Info

It would seem that a man who is at least a little versed in technical topics will intuitively understand how to unscrew the fittings, pump freon, disconnect the necessary communications, remove and pack everything in boxes. There are instructions and a video of dismantling the air conditioner with your own hands - I read it, looked it up and set to work.

Write-off of air conditioners due to their complete wear and tear

If these warning signs occur, you need to turn off the air conditioner, then seek the help of a reliable service technician to eliminate malfunctions. Reason # 6. Almost all models of air conditioners sold in the CIS are not adapted to work in winter, in addition, the lowest temperature can be -5оС - 15оС for different models.

Few vendors are likely to provide exceptions to this rule. The primary reason for this seemingly illogical behavior of suppliers is that the same models are presented to us on the market as on the markets of Europe and Japan, and in fact winters are much softer and warmer (for example, the winter minimum in Tokyo is -8oC).

Also, the adaptability of the air conditioner to work at a temperature of -25 ° C (installation of a seasonal unit) immediately increases its price by $ 150-200, greatly reducing the competitiveness of such a model.

The wording of the technical opinion for the write-off of MT - forum of medical technicians

Now they move on to removing the fastening itself, the remaining pipeline and the decorative plastic box. Thus, the dismantling of the split-system of the wall-mounted air conditioner is completely completed, and all that remains is to carefully pack the system and transport it to a new location.
If you do everything according to the proposed scheme, then with subsequent installation you will not have to completely fill the circuit with freon. All the described works can be seen below on the video of dismantling wall-mounted air conditioners.
Dismantling the duct split system, flaring the copper pipeline for split systems The greatest difficulties arise when you independently dismantle the duct air conditioner, since the weight of this structure is significant, and you still have to disconnect the air ducts from the blocks. The set of tools in this case remains the same.
Work begins with disassembling the air ducts. Removable supply and exhaust adapters with a grill.

10 reasons for air conditioner breakdowns

FILESDownload an empty form of an equipment malfunction report.docDownload a sample of filling out an equipment malfunction report.doc Who draws up the act This document is drawn up with the participation of a specially created commission, which includes several people (at least two). It must include a profile specialist (foreman, technician, engineer, etc.), as well as employees who are directly related to the equipment, able to establish the fact of its malfunction and outline the events preceding the breakdown.

If necessary, experts from third-party organizations can be involved in the investigation of the circumstances of the breakdown. Rules for drawing up an act The act does not have a standard unified template, therefore it is drawn up in free form or according to a template developed and approved by the company.

Equipment malfunction report

Attention

But if the refueling is not carried out for more than 2 years, the volume of freon in the system is reduced to an unacceptable minimum value, which can lead to unpleasant results for your air conditioner: jamming of the compressor due to overheating, because during operation it is cooled by freon. It should be noted that the cost of replacing a compressor is about half the price of a newer air conditioner.

It is possible to find the fact of a freon leak even in the absence of special equipment. The first indicators of a reduction in the volume of refrigerant in the system are considered to be the formation of ice or frost in the vicinity of the pipe connections of the outdoor unit (the places where copper pipes are connected).

As well as low air cooling (the difference between the temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the air conditioner in a normal state is at least 8-10 ° C).

How to dismantle split air conditioners yourself in summer and winter

An overvoltage in comparison with the rated voltage can cause constant operation of the starting winding of the electric motor, and undervoltage leads to the impossibility of starting the compressor, or to the rapid shutdown of the compressor immediately after starting. The voltage relay, designed, for example, for a voltage of 110 V, with a voltage of 220 V, will not turn off after starting the compressor.

As a result, the starting winding and the capacitor will be constantly energized, which will trigger the automatic protection system. Undervoltage in the network in most cases is the main cause of burnout of the compressor motor windings. At low voltage, the motor operates under critical conditions, a current greater than that for which it is designed flows through the armature winding of the electric motor, and with any long-term operation, the failure of the electric motor is only a matter of time.

The main types of breakdowns of air conditioners

The next step in dismantling the air conditioner with your own hands will be to disconnect (trim) with nippers or a pipe cutter the main pipes at a distance of 15-20 cm from the fittings, stamp them and remove the outdoor module from the bracket. It must be placed in a tight cardboard packaging and wrapped around with foam.

Then the brackets are unscrewed with wrenches or heads. The condensing unit can only be transported in an upright position.

swedish keys Next, proceed to dismantle the indoor unit of the air conditioner, from which you must open the cover that protects the device. The module is held on both sides and the fasteners are unscrewed.
Disconnect the pipeline, stamp the ends of the tubes, disconnect all electrical interconnect wires and remove the unit from the mounting plate, opening the fastening latches and following the guides of the indoor unit.
The registration of an act of equipment malfunction occurs in cases when equipment breakdown occurs and it is required to establish its causes, as well as to decide on its further fate. The act can be drawn up both in relation to household office equipment and in relation to complex technical devices.
This document differs from a defective act in that it is drawn up during the operation of the equipment and the employees of the enterprise are usually responsible for its malfunction. Most often, such acts are drawn up at large industrial enterprises, where a large number of various equipment is used.

Reasons for writing off the air conditioning system due to relocation

Loss of power occurs, the possibility of overheating increases, and as a result, the compressor may fail.

• The external block is clogged with waste products of plants, overgrown with a layer of coarse dust. As a result, heat exchange is seriously disturbed and the compressor, overheating, fails. To determine the malfunction of the air conditioner, diagnostics are carried out. The indications for her are:
• Warm air flows in cooling mode;
• The equipment does not turn on;
• During operation, third-party noises are heard;
• The unit is dripping - traces of water or oil are visible on the wall or case;
• Traces of icing or frost are visible on the indoor unit.

Fatal malfunctions of the air conditioner for decommissioning To assess the feasibility of further use of climatic equipment, a full audit of all working units is carried out.

In many companies or in production, various equipment is operating, which gradually wears out and breaks down. The responsible person or the manager must organize periodic checks and diagnostics of the condition of the equipment, after which aon the basis of which conclusions are drawn about the need for repair or maintenance. In this article, we will analyze in detail how this document is correctly drawn up and why it is needed.

Introduction

This act is a document that indicates the real state of equipment or machinery. It contains the data found during the check, as well as information about possible breakdowns or equipment deficiencies.

The act is drawn up by an expert commission when checking equipment

Often the act is used as a basis for replacing equipment or writing it off. The frequency of checks is regulated either by internal regulations or by manufacturer's recommendations.

Attention:the act is filled in by the members of the commission, which is created by the corresponding order. It is recommended to introduce into the commission people who understand the operation of the equipment - engineers, foremen, workers who work with devices directly.

Filling out the document is carried out in the classical way (we will analyze it in more detail below) - you must indicate the name of the device, its serial and article number, year of manufacture, after which data on the state of equipment is entered. It is also recommended to indicate the inventory number so that in the future you will not be confused with the names.

Note that the act of technical examination of electrical equipment without fail supplemented by documents that indicate the results of the examinations or measurements carried out. At the end, a conclusion is necessarily written on whether it is possible to operate this equipment until the next check, or whether it needs to be repaired, restored or discontinued.

A timely inspection of the device helps to identify a breakdown at the initial stage of development, thanks to which repairs are carried out faster and with minimal costs.

What needs to be included in the technical conclusion

The legislation clearly regulates the rules for filling out the document - in case of violation or deviation from them, the paper may be invalidated with all the ensuing consequences. Let's consider how to fill in correctlyequipment technical condition report (sample presented at the end of the article):

1. Full name of the head and the name of the company in the genitive case (drawn up as an address). Placed in the upper right corner. You also need to indicate the position of the person to whom you are applying.
2. Title information. In the center of the sheet, the word "Equipment technical condition certificate" is written. Note that no abbreviations or changes in title are allowed. The second line indicates the date on which the paper is drawn up, as well as the document number. The date is indicated in ordinary Arabic numerals in the format of day, month in letters and year.
3. Next comes the filling out of the body of the document: the grounds for its preparation (usually the number and date of the order), as well as the composition of the commission that conducts the check, are indicated.
4. The rationale for the actions of the commission is indicated. This section contains a description of the existing problem, the equipment number (article and inventory), the date of the act.
5. Conclusion of the inspection. This section prescribes the conclusion that the commission makes based on the results of studying the equipment. It also indicates how to fix the problem or found problems.
6. A paragraph that lists the attachments to the document. The original forms are attached to it - if you need them for reporting, then be sure to make copies. If the equipment is out of order, then an act of writing off or transferring equipment is attached to the applications.

After the document is drawn up, it is necessary that each person included in the commission signs it, indicating his name and position. When all members of the commission sign the paper, the company stamp is affixed and the document becomes official.

The check is carried out either according to the regulations, or in case of problems with the equipment

Attention:each member of the commission has the right to put in the paper his vision of the situation and recommendations for eliminating possible malfunctions. It is not necessary for everyone to have the same opinion.

How to diagnose problems correctly

Next, we will analyze what principles the members of the commission are guided by when filling out the form and diagnosing equipment. There are specific standards for filling out the act - the following information is included in it:

1. Date of the survey.
2. The site or workshop in which the inspection is carried out.
3. Object data, its name, type, article, inventory number.
4. The location of the equipment during the check (where it is located).
5. Data on the composition of the commission and their specialization.
6. For what reasons is the check carried out (planned event, breakdown, abnormal behavior of the device, etc.).
7. Research data (in what conditions was carried out, what was used for diagnostics, at what time / date the diagnostics took place).
8. Recommendations of each of the members of the commission and their views on the possibility of further operation.
9. Conclusions of the commission and experts.
10. Recommendations on how it is possible to fix the equipment, preventing its complete failure.
11. Supplement to the document.
12. Name, positions and signatures of members of the commission.

Attention:in the recommendations or conclusion, a clause is allowed on the appointment of an employee responsible for the repair. If he is appointed, then not only his full name is indicated, but also his position, and the period by which the repair must be completed.

The act is drawn up and signed by all members of the commission

The nuances of drawing up a technical opinion

If a write-off act is drawn up, then an inspection supplement must be attached to it, which only an expert with the appropriate education and work experience has the right to draw up. For certain types of equipment, such an opinion can only be drawn up by a licensed expert.

If the equipment is being studied, which has fallen into disrepair (does not function), then an opinion from a specialist who has the authority to study such equipment is attached to the document. It is compiled in the traditional way - the name and data about the equipment are indicated, the condition of the device is assessed, the reasons for the failure of the equipment are prescribed, and recommendations for repair work are given. If it is impossible to restore the equipment, then this item must be prescribed in the document. Before that, it is necessary to notify the head of the company that it will not be possible to restore the equipment - an expert repairman has no right to draw up an act on the disposal of equipment.

Note that the diagnosis is carried out in several stages:

1. Visual inspection of equipment, check of the complete set and visible breakdowns.
2. Measurement of various parameters of equipment using special equipment.
3. Checking individual nodes for operability and compliance with the required parameters.

After the study is completed, the commission or expert group enters the data on the study into the act and writes its recommendations in the conclusion.

In general, this is all the necessary information about how the act is correctly drawn up and what is entered into it. We recommend that you strictly follow the requirements for such documents, because if you fill it in incorrectly, it may be invalidated. To make it easier for you to navigate how to fill outtechnical opinion on equipment malfunction, sample available

In contact with

Several persons constitute a technical malfunction report. He confirms the indicated facts. With the help of it, a breakdown of equipment or its disorder is documented, due to which further operation of the equipment is impossible. The document is drawn up by the person who has been authorized to perform these actions.

What are the actions of the authorized person

This person must determine the cause of the malfunctions, after which it is necessary to determine whether the person who is financially responsible for this should take on this breakdown. If the malfunction occurred not due to the actions of the responsible person, but for reasons beyond his control, then they are indicated in the document and a corresponding mark is put. If the equipment malfunction occurred during the purchase and during the period when the device is under warranty, then the breakdown document is needed to establish the fact of the purchase status. Without it, the seller will not listen to the buyer's claims.

There is a special unified form, which was approved by means of regulatory documents. Its use is mandatory. Many departments tend to approve instructions and rules, which set out the procedure for drawing up acts.

Important! Be sure to indicate in a separate paragraph ways to eliminate the cause of the disorder or damage; the persons responsible for bringing the equipment into compliance with the regulations are also indicated. The period for which this must be done is also indicated!

This form should indicate:

• manufacturer's address;
• telephone;
• manufacturer of defective equipment;
• its brand and serial number;
• element that is out of order.

A photograph is sometimes attached to the description of the device disorder. Fill in the act and the appendix, which describe the inoperative element. They are approved by the head of the organization. If there is no breakage document and attachment, then claims will not be accepted. You can download a sample at the bottom of the article.